2 mod - compute the remainder for an integer quotient
9 If x is a matrix or list, the returned value is a matrix or list v of
10 the same structure for which each element v[[i]] = mod(x[[i]], y, rnd).
12 If x is an xx-object or x is not an object and y is an xx-object,
13 this function calls the user-defined function xx_mod(x, y, rnd);
14 the types of arguments and returned value are as required by the
15 definition of xx_mod().
17 If neither x nor y is an object, or x is not a matrix or list:
19 x number (real or complex)
21 rnd integer, defaults to config("mod")
26 If x is real or complex and y is zero, mod(x, y, rnd) returns x.
28 If x is complex, mod(x, y, rnd) returns
29 mod(re(x), y, rnd) + mod(im(x), y, rnd) * 1i.
31 In the following it is assumed x is real and y is nonzero.
33 If x/y is an integer mod(x, y, rnd) returns zero.
35 If x/y is not an integer, mod(x, y, rnd) returns one of the two numbers
36 r for which for some integer q, x = q * v + r and abs(r) < abs(y).
37 Which of the two numbers is returned is controlled by rnd.
39 If bit 4 of rnd is set (e.g. if 16 <= rnd < 32) abs(r) <= abs(y)/2;
40 this uniquely determines r if abs(r) < abs(y)/2. If bit 4 of rnd is
41 set and abs(r) = abs(y)/2, or if bit 4 of r is not set, the result for
42 r depends on rnd as in the following table:
44 (Blank entries indicate that the description would be complicated
45 and probably not of much interest.)
47 rnd & 15 sign of r parity of q
59 10 even if x/y > 0, otherwise odd
60 11 odd if x/y > 0, otherwise even
61 12 even if y > 0, otherwise odd
62 13 odd if y > 0, otherwise even
63 14 even if x > 0, otherwise odd
64 15 odd if x > 0, otherwise even
66 This dependence on rnd is consistent with quo(x, y, rnd) and
67 appr(x, y, rnd) in that for any real x and y and any integer rnd,
69 x = y * quo(x, y, rnd) + mod(x, y, rnd).
70 mod(x, y, rnd) = x - appr(x, y, rnd)
72 If y and rnd are fixed and mod(x, y, rnd) is to be considered as
73 a canonical residue of x modulo y, bits 1 and 3 of rnd should be
74 zero: if 0 <= rnd < 32, it is only for rnd = 0, 1, 4, 5, 16, 17,
75 20, or 21, that the set of possible values for mod(x, y, rnd)
76 form an interval of length y, and for any x1, x2,
78 mod(x1, y, rnd) = mod(x2, y, rnd)
82 x1 is congruent to x2 modulo y.
84 This is particularly relevant when working with the ring of
85 integers modulo an integer y.
88 > print mod(11,5,0), mod(11,5,1), mod(-11,5,2), mod(-11,-5,3)
91 > print mod(12.5,5,16), mod(12.5,5,17), mod(12.5,5,24), mod(-7.5,-5,24)
94 > A = list(11,13,17,23,29)
97 list (5 elements, 5 nonzero):
108 void modvalue(VALUE *x, VALUE *y, VALUE *rnd, VALUE *result)
109 NUMBER *qmod(NUMBER *y, NUMBER *y, long rnd)