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22 <h1>The XML C library for Gnome</h1>
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98 <p>Table of Contents:</p>
100 <li><a href="FAQ.html#License">License(s)</a></li>
101 <li><a href="FAQ.html#Installati">Installation</a></li>
102 <li><a href="FAQ.html#Compilatio">Compilation</a></li>
103 <li><a href="FAQ.html#Developer">Developer corner</a></li>
106 <a name="License">License</a>(s)</h3>
109 <em>Licensing Terms for libxml</em>
110 <p>libxml is released under the <a href="http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.html">MIT
111 License</a>; see the file Copyright in the distribution for the precise
115 <em>Can I embed libxml in a proprietary application ?</em>
116 <p>Yes. The MIT License allows you to keep proprietary the changes you
117 made to libxml, but it would be graceful to send-back bug fixes and
118 improvements as patches for possible incorporation in the main
119 development tree.</p>
122 <h3><a name="Installati">Installation</a></h3>
124 <li>Unless you are forced to because your application links with a Gnome
125 library requiring it, <strong><span style="background-color: #FF0000">Do
126 Not Use libxml1</span></strong>, use libxml2</li>
128 <em>Where can I get libxml</em> ?
129 <p>The original distribution comes from <a href="ftp://rpmfind.net/pub/libxml/">rpmfind.net</a> or <a href="ftp://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources/libxml2/2.5/">gnome.org</a>
131 <p>Most Linux and BSD distributions include libxml, this is probably the
132 safer way for end-users to use libxml.</p>
133 <p>David Doolin provides precompiled Windows versions at <a href="http://www.ce.berkeley.edu/~doolin/code/libxmlwin32/%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20">http://www.ce.berkeley.edu/~doolin/code/libxmlwin32/</a>
137 <em>I see libxml and libxml2 releases, which one should I install ?</em>
139 <li>If you are not constrained by backward compatibility issues with
140 existing applications, install libxml2 only</li>
141 <li>If you are not doing development, you can safely install both.
142 Usually the packages <a href="http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/libxml.html">libxml</a> and <a href="http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/libxml2.html">libxml2</a> are
143 compatible (this is not the case for development packages).</li>
144 <li>If you are a developer and your system provides separate packaging
145 for shared libraries and the development components, it is possible
146 to install libxml and libxml2, and also <a href="http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/libxml-devel.html">libxml-devel</a>
147 and <a href="http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/libxml2-devel.html">libxml2-devel</a>
148 too for libxml2 >= 2.3.0</li>
149 <li>If you are developing a new application, please develop against
154 <em>I can't install the libxml package, it conflicts with libxml0</em>
155 <p>You probably have an old libxml0 package used to provide the shared
156 library for libxml.so.0, you can probably safely remove it. The libxml
157 packages provided on <a href="ftp://rpmfind.net/pub/libxml/">rpmfind.net</a> provide
161 <em>I can't install the libxml(2) RPM package due to failed
163 <p>The most generic solution is to re-fetch the latest src.rpm , and
164 rebuild it locally with</p>
166 <code>rpm --rebuild libxml(2)-xxx.src.rpm</code>.</p>
167 <p>If everything goes well it will generate two binary rpm packages (one
168 providing the shared libs and xmllint, and the other one, the -devel
169 package, providing includes, static libraries and scripts needed to build
170 applications with libxml(2)) that you can install locally.</p>
173 <h3><a name="Compilatio">Compilation</a></h3>
176 <em>What is the process to compile libxml ?</em>
177 <p>As most UNIX libraries libxml follows the "standard":</p>
178 <p><code>gunzip -c xxx.tar.gz | tar xvf -</code></p>
179 <p><code>cd libxml-xxxx</code></p>
180 <p><code>./configure --help</code></p>
181 <p>to see the options, then the compilation/installation proper</p>
182 <p><code>./configure [possible options]</code></p>
183 <p><code>make</code></p>
184 <p><code>make install</code></p>
185 <p>At that point you may have to rerun ldconfig or a similar utility to
186 update your list of installed shared libs.</p>
189 <em>What other libraries are needed to compile/install libxml ?</em>
190 <p>Libxml does not require any other library, the normal C ANSI API
191 should be sufficient (please report any violation to this rule you may
193 <p>However if found at configuration time libxml will detect and use the
197 <a href="http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/zlib/">libz</a> : a
198 highly portable and available widely compression library.</li>
199 <li>iconv: a powerful character encoding conversion library. It is
200 included by default in recent glibc libraries, so it doesn't need to
201 be installed specifically on Linux. It now seems a <a href="http://www.opennc.org/onlinepubs/7908799/xsh/iconv.html">part
202 of the official UNIX</a> specification. Here is one <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/">implementation of the
203 library</a> which source can be found <a href="ftp://ftp.ilog.fr/pub/Users/haible/gnu/">here</a>.</li>
207 <em>Make check fails on some platforms</em>
208 <p>Sometimes the regression tests' results don't completely match the
209 value produced by the parser, and the makefile uses diff to print the
210 delta. On some platforms the diff return breaks the compilation process;
211 if the diff is small this is probably not a serious problem.</p>
212 <p>Sometimes (especially on Solaris) make checks fail due to limitations
213 in make. Try using GNU-make instead.</p>
216 <em>I use the CVS version and there is no configure script</em>
217 <p>The configure script (and other Makefiles) are generated. Use the
218 autogen.sh script to regenerate the configure script and Makefiles,
220 <p><code>./autogen.sh --prefix=/usr --disable-shared</code></p>
223 <em>I have troubles when running make tests with gcc-3.0</em>
224 <p>It seems the initial release of gcc-3.0 has a problem with the
225 optimizer which miscompiles the URI module. Please use another
230 <a name="Developer">Developer</a> corner</h3>
233 <em>xmlDocDump() generates output on one line.</em>
234 <p>Libxml will not <strong>invent</strong> spaces in the content of a
235 document since <strong>all spaces in the content of a document are
236 significant</strong>. If you build a tree from the API and want
239 <li>the correct way is to generate those yourself too.</li>
240 <li>the dangerous way is to ask libxml to add those blanks to your
241 content <strong>modifying the content of your document in the
242 process</strong>. The result may not be what you expect. There is
243 <strong>NO</strong> way to guarantee that such a modification won't
244 affect other parts of the content of your document. See <a href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-parser.html#XMLKEEPBLANKSDEFAULT">xmlKeepBlanksDefault
245 ()</a> and <a href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-tree.html#XMLSAVEFORMATFILE">xmlSaveFormatFile
250 <li>Extra nodes in the document:
251 <p><em>For a XML file as below:</em></p>
252 <pre><?xml version="1.0"?>
253 <PLAN xmlns="http://www.argus.ca/autotest/1.0/">
254 <NODE CommFlag="0"/>
255 <NODE CommFlag="1"/>
257 <p><em>after parsing it with the function
258 pxmlDoc=xmlParseFile(...);</em></p>
259 <p><em>I want to the get the content of the first node (node with the
260 CommFlag="0")</em></p>
261 <p><em>so I did it as following;</em></p>
262 <pre>xmlNodePtr pnode;
263 pnode=pxmlDoc->children->children;</pre>
264 <p><em>but it does not work. If I change it to</em></p>
265 <pre>pnode=pxmlDoc->children->children->next;</pre>
266 <p><em>then it works. Can someone explain it to me.</em></p>
268 <p>In XML all characters in the content of the document are significant
269 <strong>including blanks and formatting line breaks</strong>.</p>
270 <p>The extra nodes you are wondering about are just that, text nodes with
271 the formatting spaces which are part of the document but that people tend
272 to forget. There is a function <a href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-parser.html">xmlKeepBlanksDefault
273 ()</a> to remove those at parse time, but that's an heuristic, and its
274 use should be limited to cases where you are certain there is no
275 mixed-content in the document.</p>
278 <em>I get compilation errors of existing code like when accessing
279 <strong>root</strong> or <strong>child fields</strong> of nodes.</em>
280 <p>You are compiling code developed for libxml version 1 and using a
281 libxml2 development environment. Either switch back to libxml v1 devel or
282 even better fix the code to compile with libxml2 (or both) by <a href="upgrade.html">following the instructions</a>.</p>
285 <em>I get compilation errors about non existing
286 <strong>xmlRootNode</strong> or <strong>xmlChildrenNode</strong>
288 <p>The source code you are using has been <a href="upgrade.html">upgraded</a> to be able to compile with both libxml
289 and libxml2, but you need to install a more recent version:
290 libxml(-devel) >= 1.8.8 or libxml2(-devel) >= 2.1.0</p>
293 <em>XPath implementation looks seriously broken</em>
294 <p>XPath implementation prior to 2.3.0 was really incomplete. Upgrade to
295 a recent version, there are no known bugs in the current version.</p>
298 <em>The example provided in the web page does not compile.</em>
299 <p>It's hard to maintain the documentation in sync with the code
300 <grin/> ...</p>
301 <p>Check the previous points 1/ and 2/ raised before, and please send
305 <em>Where can I get more examples and information than privoded on the
307 <p>Ideally a libxml book would be nice. I have no such plan ... But you
310 <li>check more deeply the <a href="html/libxml-lib.html">existing
313 <li>look for examples of use for libxml function using the Gnome code.
314 For example the following will query the full Gnome CVS base for the
315 use of the <strong>xmlAddChild()</strong> function:
316 <p><a href="http://cvs.gnome.org/lxr/search?string=xmlAddChild">http://cvs.gnome.org/lxr/search?string=xmlAddChild</a></p>
317 <p>This may be slow, a large hardware donation to the gnome project
318 could cure this :-)</p>
321 <a href="http://cvs.gnome.org/bonsai/rview.cgi?cvsroot=/cvs/gnome&dir=gnome-xml">Browse
322 the libxml source</a> , I try to write code as clean and documented
323 as possible, so looking at it may be helpful. In particular the code
324 of xmllint.c and of the various testXXX.c test programs should
325 provide good examples of how to do things with the library.</li>
329 <p>libxml is written in pure C in order to allow easy reuse on a number
330 of platforms, including embedded systems. I don't intend to convert to
332 <p>There are however a few C++ wrappers which may fulfill your needs:</p>
334 <li>by Ari Johnson <ari@btigate.com>:
335 <p>Website: <a href="http://lusis.org/~ari/xml%2B%2B/">http://lusis.org/~ari/xml++/</a>
337 <p>Download: <a href="http://lusis.org/~ari/xml%2B%2B/libxml%2B%2B.tar.gz">http://lusis.org/~ari/xml++/libxml++.tar.gz</a>
340 <li>by Peter Jones <pjones@pmade.org>
341 <p>Website: <a href="http://pmade.org/pjones/software/xmlwrapp/">http://pmade.org/pjones/software/xmlwrapp/</a>
346 <li>How to validate a document a posteriori ?
347 <p>It is possible to validate documents which had not been validated at
348 initial parsing time or documents which have been built from scratch
349 using the API. Use the <a href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-valid.html#XMLVALIDATEDTD">xmlValidateDtd()</a>
350 function. It is also possible to simply add a DTD to an existing
352 <pre>xmlDocPtr doc; /* your existing document */
353 xmlDtdPtr dtd = xmlParseDTD(NULL, filename_of_dtd); /* parse the DTD */
355 dtd->name = xmlStrDup((xmlChar*)"root_name"); /* use the given root */
357 doc->intSubset = dtd;
358 if (doc->children == NULL) xmlAddChild((xmlNodePtr)doc, (xmlNodePtr)dtd);
359 else xmlAddPrevSibling(doc->children, (xmlNodePtr)dtd);
362 <li>So what is this funky "xmlChar" used all the time?
363 <p>It is a null terminated sequence of utf-8 characters. And only utf-8!
364 You need to convert strings encoded in different ways to utf-8 before
365 passing them to the API. This can be accomplished with the iconv library
371 <p><a href="bugs.html">Daniel Veillard</a></p>
372 </td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td>
373 </tr></table></td></tr></table>