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98 <p>The libxml library implements <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/">XML namespaces</a> support by
99 recognizing namespace constructs in the input, and does namespace lookup
100 automatically when building the DOM tree. A namespace declaration is
101 associated with an in-memory structure and all elements or attributes within
102 that namespace point to it. Hence testing the namespace is a simple and fast
103 equality operation at the user level.</p>
104 <p>I suggest that people using libxml use a namespace, and declare it in the
105 root element of their document as the default namespace. Then they don't need
106 to use the prefix in the content but we will have a basis for future semantic
107 refinement and merging of data from different sources. This doesn't increase
108 the size of the XML output significantly, but significantly increases its
109 value in the long-term. Example:</p>
110 <pre><mydoc xmlns="http://mydoc.example.org/schemas/">
111 <elem1>...</elem1>
112 <elem2>...</elem2>
114 <p>The namespace value has to be an absolute URL, but the URL doesn't have to
115 point to any existing resource on the Web. It will bind all the element and
116 attributes with that URL. I suggest to use an URL within a domain you
117 control, and that the URL should contain some kind of version information if
118 possible. For example, <code>"http://www.gnome.org/gnumeric/1.0/"</code> is a
119 good namespace scheme.</p>
120 <p>Then when you load a file, make sure that a namespace carrying the
121 version-independent prefix is installed on the root element of your document,
122 and if the version information don't match something you know, warn the user
123 and be liberal in what you accept as the input. Also do *not* try to base
124 namespace checking on the prefix value. <foo:text> may be exactly the
125 same as <bar:text> in another document. What really matters is the URI
126 associated with the element or the attribute, not the prefix string (which is
127 just a shortcut for the full URI). In libxml, element and attributes have an
128 <code>ns</code> field pointing to an xmlNs structure detailing the namespace
129 prefix and its URI.</p>
130 <p>@@Interfaces@@</p>
132 <p>Usually people object to using namespaces together with validity checking.
133 I will try to make sure that using namespaces won't break validity checking,
134 so even if you plan to use or currently are using validation I strongly
135 suggest adding namespaces to your document. A default namespace scheme
136 <code>xmlns="http://...."</code> should not break validity even on less
137 flexible parsers. Using namespaces to mix and differentiate content coming
138 from multiple DTDs will certainly break current validation schemes. I will
139 try to provide ways to do this, but this may not be portable or
141 <p><a href="bugs.html">Daniel Veillard</a></p>
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